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Jean-Pierre Mourer (August 19, 1897, Wittring, Moselle - June 10, 1947, Île Napoléon, Mulhouse) was an Alsatian politician. He was elected to the French National Assembly in 1928, 1932 and 1936.〔''(Mourer (Jean Pierre) )''〕 A railway employee, Mourer joined the French Communist Party and was elected to parliament in April from the second constituency of Strasbourg. In a second round of voting, he defeated Georges Weill by 7,140 votes against 6,013.〔 In parliament, he was a member of the committees on Algeria, colonies and protectorates, liberated regions, hygiene and economy.〔 Mourer was expelled from the French Communist Party in July 1929. In October 1929, he became one of the leaders of the Opposition Communist Party of Alsace-Lorraine.〔 In the 1932 election, he defeated the socialist Marcel-Edmond Naegelen with 6,575 votes against 6,192 in the second round.〔 In the 1936, he was re-elected in the second round with 5,844 votes.〔 In the fall of 1939, he was arrested along with other prominent Alsatian autonomists. In 1940, he was freed by German forces, 〔 and was appointed as the ''Kreisleiter'' (Chief Administrator) of the Mulhouse district by the German authorities.〔Goodfellow, Samuel. ''(From Communism to Nazism: The Transformation of Alsatian Communists )'', in ''Journal of Contemporary History'', Vol. 27, No. 2 (Apr., 1992), pp. 231-258〕〔Wieviorka, Olivier. ''(Orphans of the Republic: The Nation's Legislators in Vichy France )''. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2009. p. 140〕 His appointment as ''Kreisleiter'' materialized in spite of reservations from the Gestapo, who were reluctant to see a former communist occupy such a strategic office. During this period, he Germanized his name to 'Hans Peter Murer'.〔 Murer was arrested by American forces in Munich in August 1945. He was detained at Bad Mergentheim, and was later handed over to French authorities and imprisoned at Mulhouse jail.〔 After the war, the Court of Justice of Haut-Rhin sentenced him to death on February 26, 1947, for collaboration with the Germans. He was executed by a firing squad on June 10, 1947, on Île Napoléon.〔''(Jean-Pierre Mourer (1897 - 1947) )''〕〔Wieviorka, Olivier. ''(Orphans of the Republic: The Nation's Legislators in Vichy France )''. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2009. p. 328〕〔Béné, Charles. ''(L'Alsace Dans Les Griffes Nazies )''. Raon-l'Étape: Fetzer, 52, rue Jules-Ferry, 1971. p. 272〕 Notably, evidence in Mourer's case focused primarily not on collaboration during the occupation itself but rather on the contacts he allegedly had with Germany prior to the war.〔''(Raise the white flag: Conflict and collaboration in Alsace )''〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jean-Pierre Mourer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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